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expenditures. On the other hand, regulation distorts incentives to invest in pharmaceutical R&D. This study aims at empirically … assessing the impact of regulation on pharmaceutical R&D expenditures. Methods: We analyze a sample of 20 leading pharmaceutical … companies between 2000 and 2008. The share of sales in Europe serves as a proxy for the degree of pharmaceutical regulation. We …
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This study investigates the determinants of R&D expenditures in the Swedish pharmaceutical industry from the 1960s to the mid 1990s. Various proxies for the rate of return of R&D (e.g. expected profit, sales and R&D productivity) as well as the availability of internal funding (proxied by past...
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patient well-being. A further shift is needed away from repressive measures against consumers, to tighter regulation in the …
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