Purpose: Some empirical findings of the role of foreign direct investment (FDIs) in a host country’s export performance was found by many researchers, since exports have been for a long time viewed as an engine of economic growth. But exports and imports are inter-correlated and some works...

This paper aims to construct a bi-directional, financial liberalization index for Pakistan by considering various financial policy indicators (reforms). This study, by employing the principal component analysis method over a period of 1980-2018 (39 years), aims to determine the composite outcome...