expected future earnings of a vessel. We investigate the corresponding hedging efficiency when using a portfolio of FFA prices … to hedge ship price risk of both static hedge ratios calculated using Ordinary Least Squares estimation and the dynamic … hedge ratios generated from a dynamic conditional correlation GARCH (1,1) model. We find that the hedging efficiency is …

utilization at different wind sites, and discuss the properties and estimation procedures for the models. Employing the models to … wind index data for wind sites in Germany and the underlying wind index of exchange-traded wind power futures contracts …, the estimation results of both models suggest that they capture key statistical features of the data. We argue how these …

The standard source for pre-WWII global freight rate trends is the Isserlis British tramp shipping index. We think it … transported. Previous scholars have deflated their nominal freight rate indices by a price index that includes tradables not …