Understanding the drivers of market concentration in the generic pharmaceutical industry is essential to guaranteeing the availability of low-cost generics. In this paper, we develop a structural model to capture the multiple determinants governing manufacturers' entry decisions; in particular,...

Background: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) manufacturing is an important segment of the Indian pharma industry. India ranks third in terms of volume of medicines produced, and is a major global supplier of generic medicines. However, India depends heavily on the import of several raw...

With the development of e-commerce, manufacturers have opportunities to sell products to consumers through direct channels in addition to independent retailers. Although manufacturers’ encroachment upon the retailing market of traditional goods has been extensively studied, there is a lack of...

Ayurvedic formulations have often been redesigned to address the biomedical disorders of a new global clientele. This has developed a holistic approach to the medical cultures and heterodox epistemologies, which have then allowed the creation of new “traditional” products that suit the...