survival rates and little contribution to job creation, economic growth, and innovation. In this paper, we use a rich data set … and job creation, but especially also in innovation activities. The gaps in these business outcomes are relatively …

open innovation within technology clusters. Strategic partnerships in the biotechnology industry allow new technology based … partnerships and open innovation on the success of new biotechnology firms in Belgium by developing multiple case studies of firms … models by providing R&D and services to larger firms and openly cooperating with them through open innovation. Design …

specialized commercialization capabilities. According to the predominant framework, if the innovation is protected by a strong … appropriabilty regime the optimal strategy is to license the innovation to an incumbent product firm. This paper argues by contrast … commercialize alone or to pursue a hybrid arrangement (called co-promotion) whereby it licenses the innovation but retains the …