Ecological reserve networks are an important strategy for conserving biodiversity. One approach to selecting reserves is to use optimization algorithms that maximize an ecological objective function subject to a total reserve area constraint. Under this approach, economic factors such as...

A synthesis of current approaches to managing the non-timber values linked to forest ecosystems is key to understanding questions related to ecosystem services. Issues of note include: examining whether valuing ecosystem services, and creating new markets for them can lead to forest management....

The literature that supports assigning economic value to ecosystem services (ES) has been identified as a topic for discussion. The challenges of economic valuation is a pressing issue, yet the knowledge and barriers associated with them are of equal significance. Specific policy mechanisms that...