Objective: This study seeks to investigate the influence of social identity theory (Darwinian, missionary and communitarian) on nascent entrepreneurial behaviour with the indirect effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Research Design & Method: The authors collected data using...

This work traces the history of the polluter pays principle (the PPP) in the early economic literature from 1920s. The OECD recommended the PPP as the ‘Guiding Principle Concerning the International Economic Aspects of Environmental Policies’ in 1972. In 1973 the Council of the European...

Granting and protecting the rights of women in the domain of family law remains one of the most important areas of legislation in Pakistan. The role of judiciary is vital to ensure that the rights of women are protected because decisions of the superior judiciary are binding on the lower courts...

This paper explores the rights of protection available to the prisoners of war under Islamic law. It analyzes the differences of opinion among the early fuqaha’ regarding the POWs. The paper finds that the Qur’an mentions only two ways to terminate\ captivity, that is, mann (freedom gratis)...

This paper focuses on the role of Islamic tradition of hijrah and aman and the law and practice relating to forced migration and to refugee protection in the Muslim world. It concludes that there is contradiction between the Islamic tradition of hijrah and aman and the law and practice relating...

The issue of the share of a grandchild under section 4 of the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance 1961 has been hotly debated since its inception. The article ignites the old debate mainly to re-evaluate the arguments of its (non) Islamicity according to orthodox Islamic law as well as the Federal...

The issue of the share of grandchild in section 4 of the Muslim Family Law Ordinance 1961 in Pakistan has sparked the hottest debate in the law of inheritance. This work discusses this controversial issue to find out, first, the background of this thorny issue; secondly, to evaluate the arguments...

This work explores the theory of utility as expounded by Jeremy Bentham. It explains what is utility? Why do human beings pursue things that either bring them pleaser or pain? What goals should be achieved by the Benthamite legislator? What is the connection between equality and utility for...

The following article focuses on the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Rules for the Mujahideen to determine their conformity with the Islamic jus in bello. This code of conduct, or Layha, for Taliban fighters highlights limiting suicide attacks, avoiding civilian casualties, and winning the battle...

This work presents an economic analysis of the issues surrounding pollution and the pollution pays principle (PPP) such as the conflict between economics and ecology, externalities, internalization of external costs, solutions to externalities, the economic instruments as recommended by the OECD...