In reaction to recent disruptions concerning the Single Market, the European Commission proposed an Emergency Instrument to maintain the proper functioning of the Single Market and ensure the supply and distribution of goods and services. It provides for far-reaching measures. The dirigiste...

In reaction to recent disruptions concerning the Single Market, the European Commission proposed an Emergency Instrument to maintain the proper functioning of the Single Market and ensure the supply and distribution of goods and services. It provides for far-reaching measures. The dirigiste...

In reaction to disruptions of the Single Market, the European Commission put forward an emergency instrument. It proposes far-reaching measures in order to maintain the proper functioning of the Single Market and ensure the supply and distribution of goods and services. The dirigiste...

The value-added tax is one of the most important tax revenue sources in many countries. However, it is sometimes considered unfair as it ultimately hits consumption, and poorer households spend a greater share of their income on consumption. But this depends on whether, and to what degree, the...

The direct evolutionary approach according to Leininger (2003) states that players in a two player Tullock rent-seeking contest within a finite population behave "as if" they were relative payoff maximizers. Accordingly contest expenditures are higher than in Nash equilibrium. The indirect...

Data becomes a more and more important factor in the economy. To fully develop the economic potential of the data economy, antitrust regulation has to prevent the abuse of market power while sustaining the benefits of cooperation. This paper presents the pillars of European antitrust regulation...

In recent years Chinese foreign acquisitions have increased significantly. In Europe and the US, these investments are often criticized. Critics argue that Chinese investors outbid other investors with help from their government, that the acquisitions lead to undesirable technology transfer or...

The African Group proposes to reform the WTO's subsidy rules for industrial goods. Even if this demand for more policy space entails some problems, the EU should view this as an opportunity. By combining the African Group's proposal with new rules against tradedistorting industrial subsidies by...

Am 14. Februar wählt Indonesien einen neuen Präsidenten. Nach zehn erfolgreichen Jahren im Amt darf Joko Widodo nicht erneut antreten. Er hat eine Reformära in dem Land eingeläutet. Auch deshalb ist Indonesien seit zwei Dekaden mit jahresdurchschnittlich rund 5 Prozent gewachsen und hat...