With growing international interest in mineral resources in Central Africa, the importance of transparency in resource development cannot be overemphasized. Without transparency, the region cannot maximize revenues from resources. Although the importance of transparency is beginning to be...

This article critically reviews emerging trends in legislative regimes regulating Community Development Agreements (CDAs) in the mining sector in Africa. It focuses on legal regimes that mandate CDAs as distinct from those that merely require mining companies to engage in community development...

A review of climate change regulation reveals three historical ages: the age of responsibility, the age of cost-effectiveness, and the age of litigation. The age of responsibility refers to the “common but differentiated responsibility” (CBDR) principle characterized by political...

This article examines legislation and practice concerning the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process for oil and gas projects in Nigeria. It argues that although EIAs have become a standard legal requirement for all oil, gas and mining projects in Nigeria, not much is achieved in terms of...

This article examines the feasibility of using the jurisdiction by necessity doctrine to promote the accountability of transnational corporations (TNCs) for extraterritorial human and environmental rights abuses committed in developing countries with weak accountability mechanisms. Under the...