We were asked by the Independent Evaluation Office to outline political science methods for assessing the chances of reform implementation in an ex-ante fashion. We agreed to illustrate how these tools 'work' by using Pakistan as a case study. The recent literature on IMF-sponsored reforms...

This paper shows that low risk anomalies in the CAPM and in traditional factor models arise when investors require compensation for coskewness risk. Empirically, we find that option-implied ex-ante skewness is strongly related to ex-post residual coskewness, which allows us to construct...

In the public goods game, players can be classified into different types according to their participation in the game. It is an important issue for economists to be able to measure players' strategy changes over time which can be considered as concept drift. In this study, we present a method...

Customer-centric business makes the needs and resources of individual customers the starting point for planning new products and services or improving existing ones. While customer-centricity has received recent attention in the marketing literature, technologies to enable customer-centricity...

Contributors’ withdrawal from online communities is threatening the sustainability of those communities, especially those that have entered mature and saturated stages. Drawing upon organizational withdrawal research, this article re-conceptualizes contributor withdrawal in the context of...