Enterprise systems interoperability (ESI) is an important topic for business currently. This situation is evidenced, at least in part, by the number and extent of potential candidate protocols for such process interoperation, viz., ebXML, BPML, BPEL, and WSCI. Wide-ranging support for each of...

Firms often have to integrate with supply chain partners to remain competitive in today’s business environments. Information technology (IT) such as E-procurement help supports the integration of supply chain activities between partners in their daily business operations. Literatures...