&D efforts. Traditionally, the effects of R&D on productivity have been assessed from an econometrically estimated production … modelling the improvement of technology and the growth of total factor productivity. In this case, the residual of the … production function, which reflects total factor productivity, consists of two multiplicative components. The first component is …

There is a lack of comprehensive information on the quality of management in Finland as compared to other countries … this gap. As part of the project, an extensive survey concerning management practices has been implemented for Finnish … manufacturing establishments. Its design meticulously follows the Management and Organizational Practices Survey (MOPS), a survey …