innovation policy tool, the system should be designed transparent and straightforward. A proper evaluation and information … gathering should be designed as part of the system. -- Innovation policy ; R&D subsidy ; tax credit …

innovation system. Three virtually simultaneous changes are of special importance. The first is the massive on-going renewal of … mandates (i) to educate, (ii) to conduct academic research, and (iii) to impact societal welfare. The second change is the … foundation of the so-called Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation (Finnish acronym: SHOK) that aim at …