The use of traditional industry-level profitability indicators for assessing the state of competition is problematic … for two reasons. First, short-term variation reflects business cycles more than it does the impact of competition policy …. Second, rough industry-level indicators hide different mechanisms that are dependent on competition but may affect …

The use of traditional industry-level profitability indicators for assessing the state of competition is problematic … for two reasons. First, short-term variation reflects business cycles more than it does the impact of competition policy …. Second, rough industry-level indicators hide different mechanisms that are dependent on competition but may affect …

-nationality crew agreement does not apply to passenger ships. It is not worthwhile for them to shift to being taxed under the tonnage ….1% sulphur limits for maritime transport will go into effect. In new ships, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide emissions must be … pressure on investments. The EU is considering removing the VAT-free sales status of the internal transport, which would lower …

-nationality crew agreement does not apply to passenger ships. It is not worthwhile for them to shift to being taxed under the tonnage ….1% sulphur limits for maritime transport will go into effect. In new ships, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide emissions must be … pressure on investments. The EU is considering removing the VAT-free sales status of the internal transport, which would lower …

Europe the driving force in the electricity market reform is the electricity directive which introduces competition to …