This report describes how Finland succeeds in international comparisons of investments into and outcomes from education. OECD publications (Education at a Glance, PISA, IALS) are the main sources of this report. All levels of the education system, from pre-primary education to the second stage...

This report describes how Finland succeeds in international comparisons of investments into and outcomes from education. OECD publications (Education at a Glance, PISA, IALS) are the main sources of this report. All levels of the education system, from pre-primary education to the second stage...

We characterize increases and decreases in plant-product -level output sales in the Finnish manufacturing sector during years 2006 to 2015. We show that during the recession of 2008 to 2009, the intensity of variation in plant-product -level sales diminished, and it took several years until the...

This study analyzes trends in specialization of the Finnish industry since the 1980s. Low technology industries, such as pulp and paper, have had traditionally a large proportion of the Finnish industrial output. During the recent decades their share of output has decreased significantly and...

This report examines the development and composition of Finland's international trade in services compared to other countries. The findings reveal a substantial growth in Finland's service exports, though at a slower pace than the EU average. Different countries have specialized in various types...

According to a company survey, global value chains are changing. Even though big changes were expected during the Covid period, the actual changes were quite small at the time. Instead, after the early 2022, more obvious change has already been in the sourcing of materials and parts. They are...