&D efforts. Traditionally, the effects of R&D on productivity have been assessed from an econometrically estimated production … modelling the improvement of technology and the growth of total factor productivity. In this case, the residual of the … production function, which reflects total factor productivity, consists of two multiplicative components. The first component is …

innovation system. Three virtually simultaneous changes are of special importance. The first is the massive on-going renewal of … mandates (i) to educate, (ii) to conduct academic research, and (iii) to impact societal welfare. The second change is the … foundation of the so-called Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation (Finnish acronym: SHOK) that aim at …

The aim of this paper is to broaden the knowledge concerning the development of Finnish firms’ innovation activities … results suggest that Finnish firms invest approximately Eur 1.8 billion in innovation activities outside the traditional R …

. Funded by the Strategic Research Council, the Skills, Education and the Future of Work research project has started filling …