In the beginning of the 1990’s, various fragmented information networks of the Internet were combined into one …

features are associated with platforms and the platform economy. This report provides background information for policy … and information technology architectures across traditional industry boundaries. Internet as an operating environment has … follows: Digital platforms refer to information technology systems upon which different actors — that is, users, service …

electricity consumption of the Finnish Information sector (ICT-sector) from 2011 until 2017. Additionally, we compare the Finnish … the information sector have not been retained while the internet protocol and data traffic have been increasing in both …

The environmental benefits and harms of information and communication technology (ICT) have been widely discussed in … Finland since 2019. The climate impact of information and communication technology on the environment consists of three …