; globalization ; emerging economies ; mechanical and electrical engineering ; productivity …

have declined because of difficulties in telecommunication sector. Productivity analysis shows that high country-level R …&D expenditures - as in Finland and the United States - have positive correlation with labour productivity in manufacturing. Moreover …, labour productivity in manufacturing in OECD countries relates positively with FDI and R&D expenditure growth. Also the level …

International literature suggests that productivity growth of the global frontier firms – those in the best five … productivity of the Finnish frontier firms does not diverge from the others to such a degree as in the international comparisons …

employment, especially among young and small companies. Impacts on the productivity are, however, uncertain. Cooperation of … help firms to grow larger but do not improve their productivity. …