’innovation ; cependant, un accompagnement des PME en phase basse de cycle pourrait favoriser leur effort permanent d’innovation. …

effects are included in the modelization through a slight extension of the methodology while backward filtering of the cycle …

cycle is performed through well-known filters (HP, Baxter-King). However, the whole procedure is not fully consistent …, because seasonal adjustment and trend-cycle estimation do not share the same methodological framework, a fact which could … methods or unobserved components analysis. The cycle is simply defined as the stationary stochastic residual of the …

consumption increases whenever the constraint binds. The equilibrium interest rate and asset prices are characterized under very … leading to an explicit solution, (ii) a constructive approach to the determination of equilibrium, and (iii) a numerical …