This paper shows that, beyond the institutional stability of Social Security, changes in the private sector as well as the emergence of a new financial paradigm have transformed both the U.S. pension system and the political debate about its future. Although no major reform of Social Security...

Dans l'ouvrage que Van Parijs a consacré en 1995 aux fondements philosophiques et économiques du projet d'allocation universelle, le chapitre IV est dédié au problème du financement « soutenable » d'une telle mesure. Les « rentes d'emploi » y sont présentées comme un troisième type...

L'emploi informel, défini par l'absence de protection sociale basée sur l'emploi, constitue la majeure partie de l'emploi dans les pays en développement, et entraîne un niveau de vulnérabilité à la pauvreté et à d'autres risques qui sont supportés par tous ceux qui dépendent des...

The microsimulation model Destinie developed at INSEE is a privileged tool to assess the effect of pension schemes reforms since it projects the evolution of a representative sample of the French population up to 2040. Up to now, the model was exclusively devoted to the projection of pensions...

The French pension reforms of 1993 and 2003 aimed at moderating futures increases of the pension burden for the population of working age and for public finances. Such a moderation cannot be obtained without any hardening of retirement conditions. At the individual level, the incidence of such...

Mens and womens pensions and retirement ages remain very different, even if this gap has been closing (slowly) for the most recent generations. This work analyses possible developments till 2040. We first study the impact on future pension entitlements and on disparities between genders of the...

Until the introduction of the RSA (Revenu de solidarité active -i.e. Active Solidarity Income) on 1st June 2009 in metropolitan France and 1st January 2011 in overseas territories, poor single-parent families were entitled either to the RMI (Revenu minimum d'insertion – i.e. Minimum Income...