Compte tenu de l'information incomplète dont on dispose quant aux pratiques culturales des exploitants agricoles, il n'est pas toujours optimal de baser les politiques de lutte contre la pollution d'origine agricole exclusivement sur un mode de taxation. Symétriquement, un système...

This study explores spatial regimes variation and the impact of public sector wa ter pricing for municipality aggregate residential water demand including electricity price effe cts. I compare estimations from two cross-sections (1988.1 and 1993.1) on a French lattice samp le, and propose a...

This paper discusses the economic referentials which underlie public intervention. First part presents our institutional approach. This one goes away from works based on rules as constraints or contracts between individualities. Our approach is based on rules as relations between actors which...

The issue of the accessibility to drinking water in large Sub-Saharian African Metropolis reveals the emergence of new conventions and new perceptions related to this resource. The current context shows an increasing number of actors. Since the 90’s, new norms are required to guide...

Usually, an economic good isn't available gratuitously, but the case of information goods and services (IGS) is specific. Their intrinsic properties allow zero prices that is unconceivable for the others economic private goods. The gratuitousness is not the aim of productive activity ; it...