external aid. We therefore stress the vicious circle brought about by the aid dependency of the actors implicated in economic … reforms. Two levels of dependency are thus identified : (i) immediate aid dependency of the government in order to implement … of macro economic policy and the level of aid received for the five years before; second, aid can be captured by interest …

traditional conditionality based on policy measures be replaced by a conditionality in which aid is based on performance outcomes …. In this spirit, the European Commission has reformed its adjustment aid. The present article provides an assessment of …