In this article, we provide a unified framework which can take into account numerous behavioural anomalies observed in financial markets (disposition effect, under- and overreaction phenomena and so on). Our general theoretical framework uses both cognitive and perceptual theories of emotion....

Short lived arbitrage opportunities arise when prices adjust with a lag to new information. They are toxic because they expose dealers to the risk of trading at stale quotes. Hence, theory implies that more frequent toxic arbitrage opportunities and a faster arbitrageurs' response to these...