competencies over time, i.e. value-added measures. Using the results of an INVALSI survey of high schools, this paper implements … these measures for Italy, in an attempt to identify a general pattern of value-added among schools. Purging the sample of … measurement errors � which require the exclusion of schools with too few students tested � and taking into account the …

geographical distribution of participation in vocational schools is higher in northern region, where there is a significant …, the wealth of agriculture and the presence of schools exercise a positive influence. At the opposite, GDP per capita and …