The paper considers a model in which limited liability causes an asset substitution problem for banks. The problem can at times become so severe that the current regulatory framework – based on a combination of effectively full deposit insurance, minimum capital requirements and prudential...

This paper incorporates demand and supply fundamentals in the determination of the Real Exchange Rate (RER). We are able to confirm the negative influence of the ratio expenditure-PIB and the terms of trade on RER, but in addition we find robust evidence