In some cases spot markets failure to govern to whole or a part of the marketing channel effectively and contractual relations are gaining more importance. It is especially true in case of agricultural markets, since these markets became more differentiated and market players are vulnerable in...

We investigate the effect of compulsory military service on wages in Hungary. We use administrative social security data and difference-in-difference strategy to estimate how the conscription in 2003 and 2004 affected the wages of soldiers. Before conscription, the soldiers earned 20 percent...

In this paper, we investigate how much of the wage differences between workers and districts is explained by employee and employer characteristics and by differences in regional characteristics. For this purpose, we use the Ministry of Finance's annual wage survey, which provides detailed data...

By making use of Duncan & Hoffman's empirical model, the economic returns to overeducation and undereducation are estimated using comparable microdata from the middle of the 2000s for 25 European countries. The estimates confirm some of the main results found in the literature. The wage premium...

The paper examines the labour-market position of persons with the higher-education diploma in Hungary. First, using simple labour-market indicators and international-comparison data, we find that persons with the higher-education diploma in Hungary are in a relatively good position in terms of...

Built upon data from 11 subsequent waves of yearly wage surveys carried out by the National Labour Center in Hungary from 1992 to 2003, the paper examines, with the use of elementary statistical tools, whether or not earnings fluctuations differed in size among groups of employees with different...

Since 2006, the law has changed in a way that the expected wage of the employers has to be at least the double of the minimum wage. The employers who pay less than this amount to their employees are more likely to be audited by the tax authority. According to my hypothesis this change has...

We provide a detailed descriptive analysis of the long-term effects of the 50 percent public sector wage increase initiated by the government in 2002 in order to improve the relative situation of public sector workers. The aim of this policy was to attract high quality workers to the public...

The share of female workers is significantly higher i the public than the private sector. This could be due to several reasons: different preferences towards job characteristics, or perhaps to lower discrimination against women in the public sector due to strict wage grids and hiring and...

I identify wage spillovers from the public to the corporate sector with the help of a large public sector wage increase, which raised public sector wages by 40 percent in two years time, changing the average public relative wage from a fallback of 10.5 percent to a 12.5 percent premium. The...