As a result of the demographic processes, one of the major challenges facing aging societies is to ensure long-term and sustainable funding for old-age care. The Hungarian pension system is basically stagnating, and the political competition focuses only on welfare corrections, shattering the...

The Hungarian Personal Income Tax system is being transformed between 209 and 2013. Tax brackets and the previously existing tax credit is being abolished and this changes the net/gross income ratios in all income categories. This does not only lead to a significant loss in government's income,...

A life-cycle growth model is used to investigate the quantitative impact of gradually converting the financing of social security from pay-as-you-go (PAYGO) to full funding. The magnitudes of the losses and gains that particular age cohorts will experience under alternative speeds of conversion...

The Hungarian Personal Income Tax system is being transformed between 209 and 2013. Tax brackets and the previously existing tax credit is being abolished and this changes the net/gross income ratios in all income categories. This does not only lead to a significant loss in government's income,...

Due to an EU directive, with tight deadlines, the Hungarian government has to work out program, including a pension reform. The plan is to be discussed publicly and made into a law. The last public and detailed pension package was a Working Paper of the National Bank of Hungary, 2016, which...

In Hungary, average initial old age pensions have risen much faster than average pensions over the past decade. Several factors have contributed to this, of which the method of valorization and official earnings statistics are of particular importance. In most countries, initial pensions are...

In this paper, we investigate how much of the wage differences between workers and districts is explained by employee and employer characteristics and by differences in regional characteristics. For this purpose, we use the Ministry of Finance's annual wage survey, which provides detailed data...

The role of multinational companies is significant in each of the national and thus in the global economy. The longstanding debate in the literature is whether the economic growth is more likely to be driven by the large-scale enterprises or small and medium-sized enterprises, especially if the...

The starting point of this paper is a widely shared fundamental preference according to which Hungary should follow a fast, sustainable development path and catch up with the developed world in the foreseeable future. Questions raised in this paper are related to the instrumental preferences....

The paper investigates the effect of teacher characteristics (experience, level of education attainment and credentials, gender) on the achievement of eighth grade students using matched student-teacher data from the 1999, 2003 and 2007 TIMSS surveys. The analysis covers European countries, thus...