Seventy years ago, three years after World War II, the bulk of the Hungarian manufacturing industry was taken over by the then ruling coalition government. This was the culminating point of a process of elite change, which started at the very beginning of 1945. It was perceived then by the...

This paper presents a brief account of the Hungarian renationalization and recentralization process under the 2nd and 3nd government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán (2010-2018). Under his autocratic rule, Hungary, the former leading reform country in Central and Eastern Europe has made a sharp...

The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed overview of the domestic policy changes affecting privately owned businesses in Hungary during the reign of the 2nd and 3rd Orbán governments. After careful selection and omission of the less important measures, 36 examples are discussed. Their...

It was a great surprise to both the Hungarian and the international research community to see how determined and successful were the 2nd and the 3d Orbán-governments in rolling back the results of the post-communist privatizations. In my earlier papers – see Mihályi (2014, 2015a,b) – I...

The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed overview of the domestic policy changes affecting privately owned businesses in Hungary during the reign of the 2nd and 3rd Orbán governments. After careful selection and omission of the less important measures, 36 examples are discussed. Their...

Seventy years ago, three years after World War II, the bulk of the Hungarian manufacturing industry was taken over by the then ruling coalition government. This was the culminating point of a process of elite change, which started at the very beginning of 1945. It was perceived then by the...

This paper presents a brief account of the Hungarian renationalization and recentralization process under the 2nd and 3nd government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán (2010–2018). Under his autocratic rule, Hungary, the former leading reform country in Central and Eastern Europe has made a sharp...