Several decades of market opening has become a characteristic of network industries. Its main hindrances and aids has come into sight during this period. There is a need now to evaluate the process of market opening and to assess the steps to be taken. Market opening is usually measured by...

Several decades of market opening has become a characteristic of network industries. Its main hindrances and aids has come into sight during this period. There is a need now to evaluate the process of market opening and to assess the steps to be taken. Market opening is usually measured by...

This paper uses imperfect competition as a basis for modelling the export price for an aggregated commodity produced by the Norwegian private mainland economy. The long run solution is analysed using a cointegration technique. The dynamics are modelled according to two different approaches; a...

The formation of export prices is an area in which the linear quadratic adjustment cost (LQAC) model under rational expectations may be relevant in practice. This paper evaluates the empirical performance of the LQAC-model using Norwegian data and a new testing procedure suggested by Johansen...

In some cases spot markets failure to govern to whole or a part of the marketing channel effectively and contractual relations are gaining more importance. It is especially true in case of agricultural markets, since these markets became more differentiated and market players are vulnerable in...

The current downturn in the American and Western European economies, combined with increasing regulatory pressure on private equity throughout the developed world, made emerging markets an attractive destination for private equity. As part of the emerging markets, Central and Eastern Europe's...

A double nature characterizes the behavior of the government in the venture capital market: a fear of systemic risk and the desire to stimulate companies with growth potential. It seems that the fear might be a bit excessive, disproportionately restricting the effects of venture capital in the...

While in Western Europe the venture capital and private equity industry have mostly got over the shock of the crisis, the Central and East-European region in 2013 still showed a tendency of deterioration. Signs of recovery could not be perceived neither in fundraising, investment or divestment...

Governments play several roles in the venture capital market. Based on empirical examples, the current paper focuses on the role of the government as a venture capital investor. Compared to the direct involvement of governments in investments entailing risks of market distortion, the paper...