The aim of this paper is the analysis of vulnerability within families in nine regions of Italy and represents the second part of a research on regional inequalities in income distribution. Poverty tends to be a multi-dimensional concept and the use of monetary income as a single measure of...

In this paper we analyze Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) microdata from 2012 to 2018 to document how the mid-decade economic recession reversed the trend of pro-poor growth that dated back to the early 2000s. Since the recession, there was a rise in...

In this paper we evaluate how well-targeted and effective in reducing poverty the Bolsa Família Program (PBF) was in Brazil between 2004 and 2019. In order to do this, we use data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from 2004 to 2015, from the Continuous National Household Sample...

This paper describes the evolution of poverty among pretos (black), pardos (brown/mixed) and brancos (white) from 2004 to 2014, and investigates whether along with the already known reduction of poverty in the period there was also reduction of the racial inequality of poverty. To do so, it...

This text investigates, for 2004 and 2009, the characteristics and living conditions of four demographic categories defined by household per capita income values. These are the extreme poor (those whose per capita incomes were less than R$ 67 in 2009), the poor (between R$ 67 and R$ 134), the...

In this paper we analyze Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) microdata from 2012 to 2018 to document how the mid-decade economic recession reversed the trend of pro-poor growth that dated back to the early 2000s. Since the recession, there was a rise in...

This paper describes the evolution of poverty among pretos (black), pardos (brown/mixed) and brancos (white) from 2004 to 2014, and investigates whether along with the already known reduction of poverty in the period there was also reduction of the racial inequality of poverty. To do so, it...

The aim of this paper is to apply a multidimensional poverty indicator to Brasil on the basis of Censo 2000 data. In order to analyse different dimensions of poverty a set of composite indicator is constructed. For each indicator is calculated an unidimensional poverty ratio what allow us to...

We analyze households’ economic freedom to determine their standard of living, characterized by their capacity to spend on housing, utilities, food, and transport: economic poverty is a lack of freedom due to budgetary constraints. We propose three new measures. The first is the classical...

In this paper we evaluate how well-targeted and effective in reducing poverty the Bolsa Família Program (PBF) was in Brazil between 2004 and 2019. In order to do this, we use data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from 2004 to 2015, from the Continuous National Household Sample...