had led to a temporary increase in the number of students with prior work experience. The reduction in enrollment has also … involved younger students, mainly as a consequence of weak demographic dynamics, only partly offset by an increase in … immigrants, whose enrollment rates are however very low. Regardless of demographic trends, many students have decided not to …

English Abstract: This work verifies the consistency of the results of two surveys of Italian students' proficiency … results at the level of both individual students and schools. These findings are a good starting point for the joint use and …

skills and problem solving. Italian students performed better in the CBA than in the paper-based assessment (PBA). This was …. One of the reasons seems to be that Italian students are less determined in their approach to paper-based tests, during … finds that students' competencies as revealed by the CBA are, other things being equal, strongly correlated with those in …

English Abstract: The paper examines territorial gaps in achievement among Italian students and explores the various … tests that took place in 2018/19 and from questionnaires distributed to students and to a sample of school principals and …

measurement errors � which require the exclusion of schools with too few students tested � and taking into account the …

lower than the OECD average. After controlling for a number of factors usually used to explain the students' performance …) of Italy's gap is attributable to students who, despite coming from relatively affluent families, are characterized by … moderate FL levels. Based on students' responses, this gap may also be traced back to a lack of involvement of Italian students …