We investigate a cash-out scheme for Tokyo Electric Power Company's (TEPCO) reparation for the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Station accident in the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. The scheme enables TEPCO to continue its service as a private company. As its balance sheets...

Birmingham Assay Office was established in 1773 by Toy manufacturers producting plated goods like Matthew Boulton. Main products of Birmingham were plated by gilt technique, so it was not easy to get credit for their products as growing area. Assay office had to be needed not only for the...