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that this basic pension reform would decrease benefits to individuals because of the additional charges. …This paper examines pension premiums and a consumption tax as ways to finance basic pensions. The union wage model … increase in premiums for labor wages actually leads to increased unemployment rates. Furthermore, I argue that by decreasing …
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This paper examines the effect of unemployment rates on crime rates, using two types of Japanese data: time-series data from 1976 to 2008 and prefectural panel data from 1975 to 2005. An analysis using time-series data shows that an increase in unemployment rates raises crime rates, while the...
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