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repayment burden of households, which in turn forced them to cut back on non-housing consumption and weakened their ability to …
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Income and Expenditure Survey,” conducted by the Statistics Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications …
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年金の議論が盛んになってきているが, その中で特に関心がもたれているのは財政方式の問題である。財政方式には保険料方式と消費税方式などがあり, それに依存して資源配分が変化する。本研究では,...
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Recently, Japanese public pension scheme has been discussed more often, especially about how to finance the scheme. It is possible to finance the scheme by wage-proportional contribution or by Value-Added-Tax, but the allocation may be different depending on the financial method. I find that an...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005489455
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and involuntary unemployment. To recover from this, a budget deficit that exceeds the level necessary to maintain full …
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created by the government, which in turn determines income, which in turn determines the savings. The budget deficit creates … the savings, not that the savings finance the budget deficit. Reducing the budget deficit will reduce savings, income, and … consumption …
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