This paper examines whether IT (information technology) management enhances the effects of IT investments. Our empirical analyses are based on the unique survey data. Main findings are as follows. Firms with IT management have higher effects of IT investments. The result holds when the indexes...

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This paper examines the efficiency of the Dojima Rice Market established in 1730 in Osaka, and closed in 1869 due to the collapse of Tokugawa Shogunate. It had already been shown that there existed the price mechanism in Dojima. However, the most significant question: Whether the world first...