a bank is a reversed U-shaped function of the insiders ownership (or the largest shareholder ownership). This means that …, as the insiders ownership (the largest shareholder ownership) increases, a bank's risk initially increases and … entire shareholders and they increase the bank's risk to improve the shareholders value. However, when the insiders ownership …

likelihood of failure of the savings bank up to a certain level. And at one point, the likelihood of savings bank failure … relationship between the probability of bank failure and the ownership structure by largest shareholders. We further show that if …