This Paper conducts on a simulation to estimate the administrative investment necessary for maintaining and updating the infrastructure of present-day Japanese Prefectures. The field of the analyzed infrastructure is four fields (the road, water service, drainage, and the trash disposal...

This paper analyses competition in the professions, paying attention to the consequences for the price level and price differentiation in particular. This is relevant not only for the evaluation of competition policy, but also for monetary policy. If enhancing competition is successful, it may...

Dutch abstract: Organisaties kunnen computers gebruiken om beslissingen over mensen te nemen: digitale differentiatie. Zo kunnen verzekeraars prijzen aanpassen aan individuele consumenten, en kan de overheid computers gebruiken voor fraudebestrijding. Zulke digitale differentiatie is vaak nuttig...