Abstract Poverty reproduces into the system, which generates it. The system creates conditions to prevail and to secure functionality. The erosion of the possibilities of intergenerational social mobility, associated with the reproduction or poverty, is not a big deal to the system as long as it...

This paper provides a simple development mechanism for African nations, where economic development is low due to not only low level of physical capital but also poor social capital that leads to lot of conflicts. The study suggests for development of social capital, which is a broader concept...