For any given order of inverse stochastic dominance, standard concentration curves are decomposed into three components, called contribution curves. Those components correspond to within-group inequalities, between-group inequalities, and transvariational inequalities. We prove, for all orders,...

This paper analyzes the definition of economic efficiency. The standard definition used in economic literature is the Pareto Optimum which is based in the space of individual utilities. This paper proposes new definitions based on alternative spaces. The paper also introduces a dominance...

An axiomatic approach is used to propose a measure of extreme poverty which is not only multidimensional in nature, but also recognizes the fact that there are interaction effects between different deprivations, and that the length of time during which deprivations are felt may also have a...

The concept of horizontal inequality is generally used in economics to refer to the unequal treatment of equal individuals by the fiscal system. For example, an economic system can treat unequally two individuals who hold identical levels of production factors. The following note will present a...

In this paper we construct a standard CGE model to explore the impact of scaling up infrastructure in Mali. As the debate on the importance of scaling up infrastructure to stimulate growth and provide a push to African economies, some analyst raise concern on financing these infrastructures...

Income variablity reduces social welfare if individuals are risk averse, and it is likely to increase inequality if poorer households are more vulnerable to shocks. Using a simple method to estimate risk-adjusted measures of inequality and welfare and wage data from Mexico, this note shows that...

In this paper, we propose the conception of Within-group Consumption-Dominance Curves in order to capture the impact of indirect tax reforms on poverty. Considering that the population is partitioned into many groups, which differ in needs, in health, in capability or other attributes, we...

This paper proposes many indicators of vertical and horizontal redistribution throughout a generalized technique of Gini decomposition. Using the TD/BU micro-simulation models with externalities, we simulate income distributions and income source distributions for seven educational groups in...

This note applies tools from the stochastic dominance literature on poverty to environmental data in order to test in a robust way whether over-consumption and thereby depletion of natural resources is increasing over time. \ The method is illustrated with country data on per capita CO_{2}...

This paper proposes techniques to test for whether growth has been pro-poor. We first review different definitions of pro-poorness and argue for the use of methods that can generate results that are robust over classes of pro-poor measures and ranges of poverty lines. We then provide statistical...