The aim of this article is to test whether there are differences in productivity between exporters and non-exporters among manufacturing firms from Lodz Voivodeship. Not only do we look for a correlation, but also we verify two main hypotheses about the causality of the postulated relation:...

This paper examines the impact of the three main channels of international trade on domestic innovation, namely outward direct investment, inward direct investment (IDI) and exports. The number of Triadic patents serves as a proxy for innovation. The data set contains 37 countries that are...