English Abstract: Poland's structural deficit is one of the largest in the EU. While other Member States are taking action to reduce their deficits, the Polish government has not only introduced costly projects, but has also announced additional projects that will further aggravate the state of...

Concern over the potential need to redefine universal service to account for Internet-related services and other combinations of communication and computing motivates this study of the geographic spread of commercial Internet Service Providers (ISPs), the leading suppliers of Internet access in...

We recall the historical changes that have taken place in the power markets worldwide and that have led to a partial or full opening for competition. Afterwards we discuss power market structure with special emphasis on differences between financial or other commodity markets on one hand and the...

Polish Abstract: Na początku 2016 roku ma wejść w życie Pogłębiona i kompleksowa umowa o wolnym handlu (Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement – DCFTA) – handlowa część układu o stowarzyszeniu między Unią Europejską i Ukrainą. Oznacza to, że Ukraina otworzy szerzej swój...

English Abstract: The increasingly tense interplay between trade and politics should not blind us to the fact that the postwar liberalization of trade worldwide has been a resounding success and remains one of globalism’s most significant achievements, if not the most important achievement,...

Hospodárska diplomacia je diplomacia s ekonomickým zameraním – diplomacia, ktorej úlohou je ovplyvňovať politiky zahraničných vlád a regulačné rozhodnutia, ktoré ovplyvňujú svetový obchod a investície. Úlohou hospodárskej diplomacie je realizácia cieľov...

Polish Abstract: W sierpniu 2014 r. Federacja Rosyjska nałożyła embargo na przywóz wielu artykułów rolno-spożywczych m.in. z państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej, w tym z Polski. W przypadku Polski było to drugie embargo nałożone po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej. Celem badania była...

The objective of the paper is to present the impact of globalization conditions on trade flows between states. These determinants were considered as alternative factors for the physical distance between countries in the gravity model performed by Tinbergen (1962). In the traditional gravity...