The text, consisting of two parts, presents conclusions from the exploratory research on the Polish female niche on the New York City immigrant labor market - cleaning. Part 1 points out the crucial character of the working class niches on the Western labor markets for the image of Poland and...

An interpretation of domestic cleaners' work as experienced by Polish immigrants in New York City is presented in this text. It argues that the elements of this work that cleaners appreciated themselves are the characteristics of the small immigrant enterprise whose place on the market relies...

The following report is an attempt at analysing the situation of Polish immigrants on the Italian labour market prior to and after Poland’s accession to the European Union. The relatively short period that has elapsed since May 1st 2004 and, consequently, a scarce number of materials and...