The article is devoted to measuring the effectiveness of institutional systems of European Union countries in terms of their relevance to the requirements of the global knowledge-based economy. The theoretical analysis is based on the framework of new institutional economics with special...

English Abstract: The first aim of this paper is to describe the main developments in the Ukrainian economy since its independence in 1991, focusing on the evolution of output, and the path of economic reforms — that is, to simply show what happened. The bottom line on that is well known:...

Polish Abstract: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zagadnienia " zdolność operacyjna organizacji publicznych " jako istotnego elementu w teorii war-tości publicznej. Badanie miało charakter desk research literatury dotyczącej wartości publicznej. Na początku wyjaśniono, czym jest...

English Abstract: Professor Stanisław Gomułka, chief economist of the Business Centre Club, analyzes the challenges facing Poland's economy and tax system over the next 20 years. Jarosław Neneman, an assistant professor at Łazarski University, presents the basic parameters for a planned...

Agency theory assumes that tighter monitoring by the principal should motivate agents to increase their effort, whereas the "crowding-out" literature suggests that the opposite may occur. These two assertions are not necessarily contradictory provided that the nature of the employment...