Financial constraints on Brazilian firms are very high compared to advanced economies. In Brazil, 59% of firms have access to a bank loan or a credit line. In developed countries, the average percentage is 95%. Loan collateral requirements are much higher in Brazil (95% of the loan value) than...

Financial constraints on Brazilian firms are very high compared to advanced economies. In Brazil, 59% of firms have access to a bank loan or a credit line. In developed countries, the average percentage is 95%. Loan collateral requirements are much higher in Brazil (95% of the loan value) than...

This paper deals with the financial wealth. It shows, firstly, how it was inserted into the Systems of National Accounts recommended by multilateral institutions, and, in particular, how it is treated by the most recent version of the system (2008). After that, it discusses the evolution and the...

This paper deals with the financial wealth. It shows, firstly, how it was inserted into the Systems of National Accounts recommended by multilateral institutions, and, in particular, how it is treated by the most recent version of the system (2008). After that, it discusses the evolution and the...

In the period 2001-2011, we had a strong increase in private credit in Brazil, which increased from 27.2% to 51.6% of gross domestic product (GDP). In addition, private credit with free resources (with interest rates freely negotiated in the market, without subsidies and without direction) went...

In the period 2001-2011, we had a strong increase in private credit in Brazil, which increased from 27.2% to 51.6% of gross domestic product (GDP). In addition, private credit with free resources (with interest rates freely negotiated in the market, without subsidies and without direction) went...