This paper aims to show that the fiscal and monetary counter-cyclical actions implemented by Brazilian government after the financial crisis were frugal: the monetary policy was late and slowly slackened and the fiscal policy sustain a primary surplus budget, in the opposite direction of much...

This paper investigates the relationship between interest rate and volatility of real effective exchange rate in Brazil. Through a simultaneous multivariate GARCH model, which allows estimating equations for the mean and variance in a single stage, it was observed that: it's not possible to say...

The adoption of the Taylor rule is an essential element of the New Consensus on Monetary Policy, characterized by the recent acceptance, by the orthodoxy, of money stock endogeneity. In line with the reviewed literature, a reaction function of the Brazilian Central Bank (BCB) is estimated with a...