The transition to a low carbon energy mix presents particularities regarding the starting point, the relevance of emissions from the energy sector, the objectives and instruments used by the countries. Apart from the Brazilian case, the BRICS have a high share of fossil sources in the energy...

This paper shows estimates of the optimal level of foreign reserves for Brazil between the first quarter of 2004 and the third trimester of 2012, by applying the new Jeanne e Rancière (2011) framework, using different scenarios. The estimates of the optimal holdings of this asset are calculated...