The survey aims to review the empirical literature about the impacts of trade liberalization on the labor markets of developed and developing countries, with a special emphasis on the Brazilian case. A general result is the change in the structure of the labor demand in favor of skilled workers....

This paper presents new empirical evidence about the wage gap between union and nonunion workers in Brazil. In principle, due to the rules governing union organization/mobilization, no one should rationally expect such gap. But, as this paper reveals, there is empirical evidence of its existence...