The theoretical and empirical international trade literature suggests that there is long-term valuation/devaluation of the real exchange rate in the developed/undeveloped economies. We argue that the real exchange rate is affected by: i) intercountry differentials of the services sector...

The theoretical and empirical international trade literature suggests that there is long-term valuation/devaluation of the real exchange rate in the developed/undeveloped economies. We argue that the real exchange rate is affected by: i) intercountry differentials of the services sector...

This study aims to examine the theoretical literature concerning exchange-rate and balance-of-payments determination, in order to investigate how an exchange rate change may affect one country's foreign trade flows. Therefore, we analyze the different categories of balance-of-payments models -...

The real exchange rate (RER) can be considered one of the most important relative price of economics, given the influence it exerts on many other prices and variables, and may be overvalued, among other factors, as a symptom of the existence of a Dutch disease process. Thus, seeking to prove...

This paper shows estimates of the optimal level of foreign reserves for Brazil between the first quarter of 2004 and the third trimester of 2012, by applying the new Jeanne e Rancière (2011) framework, using different scenarios. The estimates of the optimal holdings of this asset are calculated...

This paper shows estimates of the optimal level of foreign reserves for Brazil between the first quarter of 1998 and the same trimester of 2008, by applying the Jeanne e Ranciére (2006) framework, using different scenarios. We also estimate the fiscal costs of holding this asset, as well as the...

The aim of this article is to present a modified kaldorian cumulative causation model in order to discuss the effects of changes in the monetary policy rules and on the degree of openness in capital account over dynamic trajectories of growth rate of GDP, nominal interest rate, nominal and real...

The present work examines the exchange regime transition in Brazil (1994 to 2003) based on the hypothesis of the existence of changes in the interaction of exchange rate, interest rates and inflation. It also examines to what extent one can say that there was a fear of floating. The results...

Este artigo analisa a evolução da taxa de câmbio brasileira a partir da adoção da âncora cambial no Plano Real. Para tanto, construiu-se um índice de pressão cambial com base na metodologia de Eichengreen et alii (1995, 1996) que detecta não só mudanças nas variações da taxa de...

This paper shows estimates of the optimal level of foreign reserves for Brazil between the first quarter of 2004 and the third trimester of 2012, by applying the new Jeanne e Rancière (2011) framework, using different scenarios. The estimates of the optimal holdings of this asset are calculated...