The paper aims to analyze, in a historical perspective, as well as in a theoretical view, the unity and the contradiction between national economies and capitalism. On the one hand, in a historical perspective, it demonstrates that the unity takes place in the period of consolidation of...

The paper aims to analyze, in a historical perspective, as well as in a theoretical view, the unity and the contradiction between national economies and capitalism. On the one hand, in a historical perspective, it demonstrates that the unity takes place in the period of consolidation of...

This essay inquires into the characteristics and historical possibilities of a Developmental State built on democracy, in opposition to the East Asian Developmental State historical model. After a brief introduction, this model and the capitalism development the underdeveloped peoples crave are...

The goal of the chapter is to discuss the ways of state action in Brazil since Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC) to Dilma Rousseff. The intention is not to scrutinize the performance of public accounts but scrutinize the stance of fiscal policy, the role reserved to the State and the instruments...

In Brazil, it has been difficult to elaborate governmental planning surpassing the four-year spectrum from the Pluriannual Plans. Despite the fact of long-term planning attracting a wide range of sectors, it still occupies a small space in both political and State agendas. Hence, the present...

The objective of this discussion paper is to provide empirical evidence regarding public selections, which took place in the 1990s and 2000s, for planning and research technicians (TP) at the Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea). The objective is to provide evidence on various aspects,...

It is discussed the weakening of special funds, as a mechanism for financing public policies. It operates on two fronts to support this fragilization. In the first one, innovations in the management of public resources are presented, making the funds expendable both to the linking of revenues...