The failure of pat solutions, based on a highly centralized decision making process of channeling budgetary resources and forced savings to state and local governments, led to a situation in which financial difficulties became one of the main reasons of the deteriorating urban infrastructure and...

The first goal of this paper is to present spatial and industry-wide representative new results on organizational change for Brazilian establishments. The results are based on new proposed measures and capture not only incidence of organizational change but also the level of intensity of this...